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Linux_ACELI.html

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  1. <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>An introduction to Linux</title><meta property="og:title" content="An introduction to Linux"><meta name="author" content="P.Y. Barriat"><meta property="article:author" content="P.Y. Barriat"><meta name="description" content="https://dev.to/nikolab/complete-list-of-github-markdown-emoji-markup-5aia"><meta property="og:description" content="https://dev.to/nikolab/complete-list-of-github-markdown-emoji-markup-5aia"><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,height=device-height,initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><style>@media screen{body[data-bespoke-view=""] .bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc>button,body[data-bespoke-view=next] .bespoke-marp-parent>.bespoke-marp-osc>button,body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container button,body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-note-container 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    2. 

  2. /*!
    3. 

  3.  * Marp default theme.
    4. 

  4.  *
    5. 

  5.  * @theme default
    6. 

  6.  * @author Yuki Hattori
    7. 

  7.  *
    8. 

  8.  * @auto-scaling true
    9. 

  9.  * @size 16:9 1280px 720px
    10. 

  10.  * @size 4:3 960px 720px
    11. 

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    12. 

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    30. 

  30. <h1><svg data-marp-fitting="svg"><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content>An introduction to Linux</span></foreignObject></svg></h1>
    31. 

  31. <p><a href="https://gogs.elic.ucl.ac.be/pbarriat/learning-linux">https://gogs.elic.ucl.ac.be/pbarriat/learning-linux</a></p>
    32. 

  32. <p><img src="assets/www.makeuseof.com.png" alt="" style="height:280px;" /></p>
    33. 

  33. <p><strong>Pierre-Yves Barriat</strong><br />
    34. 

  34. ACELI Training Sessions <code>April 13th, 2023</code></p>
    35. 

  35. </section>
    36. 

  36. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="2" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="2" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    37. 

  37. <h1>What is UNIX ?</h1>
    38. 

  38. <ul>
    39. 

  39. <li>Operating System
    40. 

  40. <blockquote>
    41. 

  41. <p>Windows 10 (Microsoft), MacOSX (Apple), Android (Google), etc</p>
    42. 

  42. </blockquote>
    43. 

  43. </li>
    44. 

  44. <li>UNIX is a (family of) Operating System</li>
    45. 

  45. <li>Invented by AT&amp;T Bell Labs in late 60's</li>
    46. 

  46. <li>Currently there are different versions and variants of UNIX
    47. 

  47. <blockquote>
    48. 

  48. <p>Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, etc.</p>
    49. 

  49. </blockquote>
    50. 

  50. </li>
    51. 

  51. <li>UNIX is <strong>not</strong> free or Open Source: &quot;GNU is Not UNIX&quot;</li>
    52. 

  52. </ul>
    53. 

  53. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    54. 

  54. </section>
    55. 

  55. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="3" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="3" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    56. 

  56. <h1>What is Linux ?</h1>
    57. 

  57. <ul>
    58. 

  58. <li>GNU (80's) is a free, open source version of the UNIX OS, but without the most important element: the <strong>kernel</strong></li>
    59. 

  59. <li>Linux kernel was developed in 1991 by Linus Torvalds, a Finnish graduate student</li>
    60. 

  60. <li>The association GNU/Linux is an operating system (say just &quot;Linux&quot;) and provides an alternative to commercial operating systems</li>
    61. 

  61. <li>Linux exists without GNU (eg Android) : used to power a multitude of systems... from your phone to your smart fridge</li>
    62. 

  62. </ul>
    63. 

  63. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    64. 

  64. </section>
    65. 

  65. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="4" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="4" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    66. 

  66. <h1>What is a Linux distribution ?</h1>
    67. 

  67. <ul>
    68. 

  68. <li>
    69. 

  69. <p>Many versions of Linux</p>
    70. 

  70. <blockquote>
    71. 

  71. <p>Red Hat, Debian, Suse, etc</p>
    72. 

  72. </blockquote>
    73. 

  73. </li>
    74. 

  74. <li>
    75. 

  75. <p>But one common linux kernel: <strong>kernel</strong> is like an <strong>engine</strong>. A distribution is an actual car that hosts the engine</p>
    76. 

  76. </li>
    77. 

  77. <li>
    78. 

  78. <p>Distributions differ from</p>
    79. 

  79. <ul>
    80. 

  80. <li>the application/management layer</li>
    81. 

  81. <li>GUI (Graphical User Interface = desktop environment)</li>
    82. 

  82. <li>software packages</li>
    83. 

  83. <li>help-desk, support, language</li>
    84. 

  84. </ul>
    85. 

  85. </li>
    86. 

  86. </ul>
    87. 

  87. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    88. 

  88. </section>
    89. 

  89. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="5" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="5" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    90. 

  90. <h1>Why Linux ?</h1>
    91. 

  91. <ul>
    92. 

  92. <li><strong>Linux is free</strong></li>
    93. 

  93. <li>Linux is supported on older computers (perf &amp; updates)</li>
    94. 

  94. <li>Linux has many more free applications</li>
    95. 

  95. </ul>
    96. 

  96. <p><code>Security</code>: there are very few viruses for Linux<br />
    97. 

  97. <code>Privacy</code>: most Linux distributions don't collect your data at all<br />
    98. 

  98. <code>Reliability</code>: if you want to stop something, you really can<br />
    99. 

  99. <code>Updates</code>: package manager<br />
    100. 

  100. <code>Customisation</code>: you can make Linux look, feel and behave as you want it to<br />
    101. 

  101. <code>Command Line Interface:</code> faster &amp; efficient</p>
    102. 

  102. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    103. 

  103. </section>
    104. 

  104. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="6" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="left"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url(&quot;assets/win_mac.png&quot;);background-size:100%;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720" x="50%"><section id="6" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="6" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="left">
    105. 

  105. <p><img src="assets/linuxvs.png" alt="" style="height:280px;" /><br />
    106. 

  106. <img src="assets/logolinux.png" alt="" style="height:150px;" /></p>
    107. 

  107. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    108. 

  108. </section>
    109. 

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    110. 

  110. <h1>Linux Statistics</h1>
    111. 

  111. 

  112. <ul>
    113. 

  113. <li>47% of professional <strong>developers</strong> use Linux-based operating systems (Statista)</li>
    114. 

  114. <li>Linux powers 39.2% of <strong>websites</strong> whose operating system is known (W3Techs)</li>
    115. 

  115. <li>Linux powers 85% of <strong>smartphones</strong> (Hayden James)</li>
    116. 

  116. </ul>
    117. 

  117. <footer><a href="https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/">https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/</a></footer>
    118. 

  118. </section>
    119. 

  119. </foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="7" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="8" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url(&quot;assets/Distrib.png&quot;);background-size:95%;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720"><section id="8" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="8" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right">
    120. 

  120. <p><img src="assets/Desktop_Market.png" alt="" style="height:260px;" /><br />
    121. 

  121. <img src="assets/Server_Market.png" alt="" style="height:260px;" /></p>
    122. 

  122. <footer><a href="https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/">https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/</a></footer>
    123. 

  123. </section>
    124. 

  124. </foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="https://truelist.co/blog/linux-statistics/" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="8" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="9" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="9" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    125. 

  125. <h1>Why not Linux ?</h1>
    126. 

  126. <ol>
    127. 

  127. <li>Hardware compatibility (printers, etc)</li>
    128. 

  128. <li>Missing famous software (MS Office, Adobe, CAO, etc)</li>
    129. 

  129. <li>Gaming</li>
    130. 

  130. </ol>
    131. 

  131. <h3>Workarounds</h3>
    132. 

  132. <ol>
    133. 

  133. <li>Many devices &quot;Linux compatible&quot;</li>
    134. 

  134. <li>Emulation (eg virtualbox), online usage, alternatives (GIMP)</li>
    135. 

  135. <li>Difficult, but it exists emulation and Steam</li>
    136. 

  136. </ol>
    137. 

  137. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    138. 

  138. </section>
    139. 

  139. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="10" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="10" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    140. 

  140. <h1>Distribution: why Ubuntu ?</h1>
    141. 

  141. <ul>
    142. 

  142. <li>easy to install and easy to use</li>
    143. 

  143. <li>easy to maintain and update</li>
    144. 

  144. <li>useful applications</li>
    145. 

  145. <li>looks nice</li>
    146. 

  146. <li>wide variety of supported applications</li>
    147. 

  147. <li>strong community support</li>
    148. 

  148. <li>better driver support</li>
    149. 

  149. <li>LTS and staging releases available as per user needs</li>
    150. 

  150. </ul>
    151. 

  151. <blockquote>
    152. 

  152. <p>get the latest Ubuntu LTS : <a href="https://releases.ubuntu.com/jammy/ubuntu-22.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso">ubuntu-22.04.2-desktop-amd64.iso</a></p>
    153. 

  153. </blockquote>
    154. 

  154. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    155. 

  155. </section>
    156. 

  156. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="11" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="11" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    157. 

  157. <h1>Test Linux inside Windows: how ?</h1>
    158. 

  158. <p>Using a virtual machine: test Linux without changing anything to your computer</p>
    159. 

  159. <p>You need to install a VM and then install the Linux inside</p>
    160. 

  160. <ul>
    161. 

  161. <li>
    162. 

  162. <p>Get a Virtual Machine: <a href="https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads">https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads</a></p>
    163. 

  163. <blockquote>
    164. 

  164. <p>VirtualBox + Extension Pack</p>
    165. 

  165. </blockquote>
    166. 

  166. </li>
    167. 

  167. <li>
    168. 

  168. <p>Install Linux in a VM: <a href="https://itsfoss.com/install-linux-in-virtualbox/">Install Linux Inside Windows Using VirtualBox</a></p>
    169. 

  169. <blockquote>
    170. 

  170. <p>Step by Step Guide</p>
    171. 

  171. </blockquote>
    172. 

  172. </li>
    173. 

  173. </ul>
    174. 

  174. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    175. 

  175. </section>
    176. 

  176. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="12" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url(&quot;assets/GUI.png&quot;);background-size:95%;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720"><section id="12" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="12" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right">
    177. 

  177. <h1>Linux GUI</h1>
    178. 

  178. 

  179. <p>A Linux distribution contains a <a href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&amp;q=display+manager">display server</a>, a <a href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&amp;q=windows+manager">window manager</a> (manage windows, panel, menus, dash interfaces and core applications), and a <a href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&amp;q=graphical+interface">desktop environment</a> (eg status bars, drag-and-drop capabilities, etc)</p>
    180. 

  180. <p>These 3 items are <strong>bundled together</strong> to make what is known as a <code>GUI environment</code></p>
    181. 

  181. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    182. 

  182. </section>
    183. 

  183. </foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="12" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="13" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="13" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    184. 

  184. <h1>Using Linux</h1>
    185. 

  185. <p><strong>Using Linux through a GUI environment is similar to Windows or MacOSX</strong></p>
    186. 

  186. <p>Linux users do not install software the same way that Windows users do: Linux has a tool known as a <code>package manager</code></p>
    187. 

  187. <p>A package manager provides a way to search for software, install software, keep the software up to date and remove the software</p>
    188. 

  188. <blockquote>
    189. 

  189. <p>Similar to Google or Apple store</p>
    190. 

  190. </blockquote>
    191. 

  191. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    192. 

  192. </section>
    193. 

  193. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="14" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="14" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    194. 

  194. <h1>Linux CLUI</h1>
    195. 

  195. <p>Using Linux with GUI, it's already great !<br />
    196. 

  196. <strong>Using CLUI = unlock the power of Linux !</strong></p>
    197. 

  197. <p>Each Linux system contains a terminal</p>
    198. 

  198. <p>A terminal is where you enter Linux commands</p>
    199. 

  199. <p>It's called the <strong>C</strong>ommand <strong>L</strong>ine <strong>U</strong>ser <strong>I</strong>nterface</p>
    200. 

  200. <p>CLUI is one of the many strengths of Linux and can be more efficient than using the GUI</p>
    201. 

  201. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    202. 

  202. </section>
    203. 

  203. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="15" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="15" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    204. 

  204. <h1>Linux CLUI</h1>
    205. 

  205. <ul>
    206. 

  206. <li>CLUI allows users to be independent of distros (or UNIX systems like OSX)</li>
    207. 

  207. <li>CLUI saves system resources which are consumed by GUIs</li>
    208. 

  208. <li>CLUI allows users to easily work at distance (SSH)</li>
    209. 

  209. <li>CLUI allows developers to join together simple (and less simple) commands to do complex things and automate... whatever you want to</li>
    210. 

  210. </ul>
    211. 

  211. <blockquote>
    212. 

  212. <p>People tend to think command line is difficult. It's not.</p>
    213. 

  213. </blockquote>
    214. 

  214. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    215. 

  215. </section>
    216. 

  216. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="16" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="16" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    217. 

  217. <h1>Linux Shell</h1>
    218. 

  218. <p>A <strong>shell</strong> is a program that takes commands from the keyboard and gives them to the operating system to perform</p>
    219. 

  219. <p>The main function is to interpret your commands <strong>= language</strong></p>
    220. 

  220. <p>The <strong>bash</strong> shell is one of several shells available for Linux</p>
    221. 

  221. <p>Learning the shell:</p>
    222. 

  222. <blockquote>
    223. 

  223. <p><em>&quot;When you are a child you use a computer by looking at the pictures. When you grow up, you learn to read and write&quot;</em></p>
    224. 

  224. </blockquote>
    225. 

  225. <p>It's more or less like SMSing to your PC, telling it what to do</p>
    226. 

  226. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    227. 

  227. </section>
    228. 

  228. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="17" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="17" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    229. 

  229. <h1>Linux Shell</h1>
    230. 

  230. <p>Shells have some built-in commands</p>
    231. 

  231. <p>A shell also supports programming constructs, allowing complex commands to be built from smaller parts <strong>= scripts</strong></p>
    232. 

  232. <p>Scripts can be saved as files to become new commands</p>
    233. 

  233. <blockquote>
    234. 

  234. <p>many commands on a typical Linux system are scripts</p>
    235. 

  235. </blockquote>
    236. 

  236. <p>An open terminal show you a <strong>PROMPT</strong> waiting for your commands</p>
    237. 

  237. <p>Commands can have <strong>options</strong> and parameters</p>
    238. 

  238. <p>All your commands are saved in a <strong>history</strong></p>
    239. 

  239. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    240. 

  240. </section>
    241. 

  241. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="18" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="18" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    242. 

  242. <h1>Linux Shell Demo</h1>
    243. 

  243. <p>Rename many files at once ?</p>
    244. 

  244. <pre><code class="language-bash"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>mmv <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;*.JPG&#x27;</span> <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;#1.jpg&#x27;</span>
    245. 

  245. </span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
    246. 

  246. <p>Download a youtube video ?</p>
    247. 

  247. <pre><code class="language-bash"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7KNmW9a75Y&amp;ab_channel=MileyCyrusVEVO
    248. 

  248. </span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
    249. 

  249. <p>Convert color pictures in BW at once ?</p>
    250. 

  250. <pre><code class="language-bash"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap><span class="hljs-meta">#!/bin/bash</span>
    251. 

  251. <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> file <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> *.jpg
    252. 

  252. <span class="hljs-keyword">do</span>
    253. 

  253.   convert <span class="hljs-variable">${file}</span> -colorspace Gray <span class="hljs-string">&quot;<span class="hljs-variable">${file%.*}</span>_bw.jpg&quot;</span>
    254. 

  254.   <span class="hljs-built_in">echo</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;<span class="hljs-variable">${file}</span>... converted&quot;</span>
    255. 

  255. <span class="hljs-keyword">done</span>
    256. 

  256. </span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
    257. 

  257. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    258. 

  258. </section>
    259. 

  259. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="19" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="19" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    260. 

  260. <h1>Online Linux Demo</h1>
    261. 

  261. <ul>
    262. 

  262. <li>
    263. 

  263. <p><a href="https://bellard.org/jslinux/">Run Linux or other Operating Systems in your browser</a></p>
    264. 

  264. </li>
    265. 

  265. <li>
    266. 

  266. <p><a href="https://rextester.com/l/bash_online_compiler">Run bash (and others) scripts online </a></p>
    267. 

  267. </li>
    268. 

  268. <li>
    269. 

  269. <p><a href="https://linuxcontainers.org/">Free online containers and virtual machines that run full Linux systems</a></p>
    270. 

  270. </li>
    271. 

  271. <li>
    272. 

  272. <p><a href="https://www.webminal.org/">Free GNU/Linux Online Terminal learning platform </a></p>
    273. 

  273. </li>
    274. 

  274. <li>
    275. 

  275. <p><a href="https://jupyter.cism.ucl.ac.be">CISM/ELIC Jupyter portal</a></p>
    276. 

  276. <blockquote>
    277. 

  277. <p>you need a UCLouvain/CISM account: see <a href="https://www.cism.ucl.ac.be/doc/_contents/About/cilog.html">here</a></p>
    278. 

  278. </blockquote>
    279. 

  279. </li>
    280. 

  280. </ul>
    281. 

  281. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    282. 

  282. </section>
    283. 

  283. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="20" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="20" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    284. 

  284. <h1>What you'll learn</h1>
    285. 

  285. <ul>
    286. 

  286. <li>
    287. 

  287. <p>Navigating the File System</p>
    288. 

  288. <blockquote>
    289. 

  289. <p>Get up and running with the CLUI by navigating directories and files</p>
    290. 

  290. </blockquote>
    291. 

  291. </li>
    292. 

  292. <li>
    293. 

  293. <p>Viewing and Changing Files and Directories</p>
    294. 

  294. <blockquote>
    295. 

  295. <p>Learn to manipulate directories and files from the CLUI</p>
    296. 

  296. </blockquote>
    297. 

  297. </li>
    298. 

  298. <li>
    299. 

  299. <p>Configuring the Environment</p>
    300. 

  300. <blockquote>
    301. 

  301. <p>Learn to configure the environment using the CLUI</p>
    302. 

  302. </blockquote>
    303. 

  303. </li>
    304. 

  304. <li>
    305. 

  305. <p>Accessing Linux remotely</p>
    306. 

  306. <blockquote>
    307. 

  307. <p>Learn to use SSH  (basics)</p>
    308. 

  308. </blockquote>
    309. 

  309. </li>
    310. 

  310. </ul>
    311. 

  311. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    312. 

  312. </section>
    313. 

  313. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="21" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="21" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    314. 

  314. <h1>Navigating the File System</h1>
    315. 

  315. <p>A file system is a section of hard disk that has been allocated to contain files</p>
    316. 

  316. <blockquote>
    317. 

  317. <p>it's arranged like hierarchical tree structure</p>
    318. 

  318. </blockquote>
    319. 

  319. <p>Files are grouped in the directory structure</p>
    320. 

  320. <p>The top of the tree is called <code>root</code> and <code>/</code> is used to present the <code>root</code></p>
    321. 

  321. <p><img src="assets/arbo.png" alt="" style="height:280px;" /></p>
    322. 

  322. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    323. 

  323. </section>
    324. 

  324. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="22" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="22" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    325. 

  325. <h3>Absolute paths</h3>
    326. 

  326. <p>In the tree <code>/users/usern/file1</code> is an absolute pathname</p>
    327. 

  327. <h3>Relative paths</h3>
    328. 

  328. <p>If you are already in the <code>users</code> directory, the relative pathname for <code>file1</code> is <code>usern/file1</code></p>
    329. 

  329. <ul>
    330. 

  330. <li>
    331. 

  331. <p><code>~</code> (tilda) points to the user's <strong>home directory</strong>. Useful if you are logging into a workstation with many users. It's the <strong>default working directory</strong> when you log in. If you are user <code>usern</code>, then <code>/users/usern/file1</code> is the same as <code>~/file1</code></p>
    332. 

  332. </li>
    333. 

  333. <li>
    334. 

  334. <p><code>.</code> refers to the current directory</p>
    335. 

  335. </li>
    336. 

  336. <li>
    337. 

  337. <p><code>..</code> refers to the parent directory</p>
    338. 

  338. </li>
    339. 

  339. </ul>
    340. 

  340. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    341. 

  341. </section>
    342. 

  342. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="23" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="23" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    343. 

  343. <h1>Basic commands</h1>
    344. 

  344. <ul>
    345. 

  345. <li><code>ls</code> : lists folders/files in a directory</li>
    346. 

  346. <li><code>cd</code> : change directory
    347. 

  347. <blockquote>
    348. 

  348. <p>use <code>cd name</code> to navigate to directory name</p>
    349. 

  349. </blockquote>
    350. 

  350. </li>
    351. 

  351. <li><code>pwd</code> : print working directory.  Prints the path of the current directory</li>
    352. 

  352. <li><code>du</code> : disk usage. Shows the disk usage of the current directory</li>
    353. 

  353. <li><code>man</code> : manual
    354. 

  354. <blockquote>
    355. 

  355. <p>use <code>man name</code> to bring up a manual entry for command or program called <code>name</code></p>
    356. 

  356. </blockquote>
    357. 

  357. </li>
    358. 

  358. </ul>
    359. 

  359. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    360. 

  360. </section>
    361. 

  361. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="24" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="24" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    362. 

  362. <h3>Creation</h3>
    363. 

  363. <ul>
    364. 

  364. <li><code>mkdir</code> : use <code>mkdir name</code> to create a new directory named <code>name</code> in the current directory</li>
    365. 

  365. <li><code>cp</code> : use <code>cp file1 file2</code> to create <code>file2</code> which is a copy of <code>file1</code>
    366. 

  366. <blockquote>
    367. 

  367. <p>can also use <code>cp -r</code> to copy whole directories</p>
    368. 

  368. </blockquote>
    369. 

  369. </li>
    370. 

  370. <li><code>mv</code> : move = same as copy, but deletes the original file</li>
    371. 

  371. </ul>
    372. 

  372. <h3>Deletion</h3>
    373. 

  373. <ul>
    374. 

  374. <li><code>rm</code> : delete files ( cannot recover your files after removed them ! )
    375. 

  375. <blockquote>
    376. 

  376. <p>can also use <code>rm -rf</code> to remove whole directories</p>
    377. 

  377. </blockquote>
    378. 

  378. </li>
    379. 

  379. </ul>
    380. 

  380. <p><strong>Be careful : there is no trash in CLUI</strong></p>
    381. 

  381. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    382. 

  382. </section>
    383. 

  383. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="25" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="25" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    384. 

  384. <ul>
    385. 

  385. <li>
    386. 

  386. <p><code>tab</code> is used for auto-complete <img src="assets/tab.png" alt="" style="height:80px;" /></p>
    387. 

  387. <blockquote>
    388. 

  388. <p>If a file/directory name was partly typed in, <strong>tab will auto-complete</strong> it</p>
    389. 

  389. </blockquote>
    390. 

  390. <blockquote>
    391. 

  391. <p>If there are multiple options, tab will auto-complete up to the point where the options branch and show you a list of possible options</p>
    392. 

  392. </blockquote>
    393. 

  393. </li>
    394. 

  394. <li>
    395. 

  395. <p><code>*</code> is used as a wild card</p>
    396. 

  396. <blockquote>
    397. 

  397. <p><code>rm blah*</code> removes all files which start with <code>blah</code>: eg <code>blah1</code>, <code>blah2</code>, and <code>blahblah</code> would all be removed</p>
    398. 

  398. </blockquote>
    399. 

  399. <blockquote>
    400. 

  400. <p>using <code>cp public/* private/</code> copies all files in a <code>public</code> directory into a <code>private</code> directory, and keeps all file names intact</p>
    401. 

  401. </blockquote>
    402. 

  402. </li>
    403. 

  403. </ul>
    404. 

  404. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    405. 

  405. </section>
    406. 

  406. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="26" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="26" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    407. 

  407. <h1>File permissions</h1>
    408. 

  408. <h3>Groups</h3>
    409. 

  409. <p>Each file and directory has three user based permission groups</p>
    410. 

  410. <ul>
    411. 

  411. <li><strong>owner</strong> :the <code>owner</code> permissions apply only the owner of the file or directory, they will not impact the actions of other users</li>
    412. 

  412. <li><strong>group</strong> : the <code>group</code> permissions apply only to the group that has been assigned to the file or directory, they will not effect the actions of other users</li>
    413. 

  413. <li><strong>all users</strong> : the <code>all users</code> permissions apply to all other users on the system, this is the permission group that you want to watch the most</li>
    414. 

  414. </ul>
    415. 

  415. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    416. 

  416. </section>
    417. 

  417. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="27" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="27" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    418. 

  418. <h3>Types</h3>
    419. 

  419. <p>Each file or directory has three basic permission types</p>
    420. 

  420. <ul>
    421. 

  421. <li><strong>read</strong> : the <code>read</code> permission refers to a user's capability to read the contents of the file</li>
    422. 

  422. <li><strong>write</strong> : the <code>write</code> permission refer to a user's capability to write or modify a file or directory</li>
    423. 

  423. <li><strong>execute</strong> : the <code>execute</code> permission affects a user's capability to execute a file or view the contents of a directory</li>
    424. 

  424. </ul>
    425. 

  425. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    426. 

  426. </section>
    427. 

  427. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="28" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="28" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    428. 

  428. <p>The following command :</p>
    429. 

  429. <pre><code class="language-bash"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>ls -l
    430. 

  430. </span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
    431. 

  431. <p>gives :</p>
    432. 

  432. <table>
    433. 

  433. <thead>
    434. 

  434. <tr>
    435. 

  435. <th>1</th>
    436. 

  436. <th>2</th>
    437. 

  437. <th>3</th>
    438. 

  438. <th>4</th>
    439. 

  439. <th>5</th>
    440. 

  440. <th>6</th>
    441. 

  441. <th>7</th>
    442. 

  442. </tr>
    443. 

  443. </thead>
    444. 

  444. <tbody>
    445. 

  445. <tr>
    446. 

  446. <td><code>-rwxr-xr-x</code></td>
    447. 

  447. <td><code>1</code></td>
    448. 

  448. <td><code>dupont</code></td>
    449. 

  449. <td><code>grpelic</code></td>
    450. 

  450. <td><code>3528</code></td>
    451. 

  451. <td><code>2022-08-04</code></td>
    452. 

  452. <td><code>file_1</code></td>
    453. 

  453. </tr>
    454. 

  454. <tr>
    455. 

  455. <td><code>drwxr-xr-x</code></td>
    456. 

  456. <td><code>3</code></td>
    457. 

  457. <td><code>dupont</code></td>
    458. 

  458. <td><code>grpelic</code></td>
    459. 

  459. <td><code>512</code></td>
    460. 

  460. <td><code>2022-01-02</code></td>
    461. 

  461. <td><code>dir_1</code></td>
    462. 

  462. </tr>
    463. 

  463. <tr>
    464. 

  464. <td><code>lrwxr-xr-x</code></td>
    465. 

  465. <td><code>2</code></td>
    466. 

  466. <td><code>dupont</code></td>
    467. 

  467. <td><code>grpelic</code></td>
    468. 

  468. <td><code>210</code></td>
    469. 

  469. <td><code>2020-12-16</code></td>
    470. 

  470. <td><code>short -&gt; /data</code></td>
    471. 

  471. </tr>
    472. 

  472. <tr>
    473. 

  473. <td><code>-rw-------</code></td>
    474. 

  474. <td><code>1</code></td>
    475. 

  475. <td><code>dupont</code></td>
    476. 

  476. <td><code>grpelic</code></td>
    477. 

  477. <td><code>4587</code></td>
    478. 

  478. <td><code>2022-12-04</code></td>
    479. 

  479. <td><code>file_2</code></td>
    480. 

  480. </tr>
    481. 

  481. </tbody>
    482. 

  482. </table>
    483. 

  483. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    484. 

  484. </section>
    485. 

  485. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="29" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url(&quot;assets/sandwich.png&quot;);background-size:70%;"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720"><section id="29" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="29" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right">
    486. 

  486. <h1>Linux privileges</h1>
    487. 

  487. 

  488. <p>Linux has a robust permissions system: this is a very good thing, as it enables a <strong>clear separation</strong> of roles among users</p>
    489. 

  489. <p>Especially between the <code>root</code> user and your <code>standard</code> user</p>
    490. 

  490. <p>Sometimes, though, you might want your standard user to have <strong>some</strong> or <strong>all</strong> of root's privileges : this is accomplished with <code>sudo</code></p>
    491. 

  491. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    492. 

  492. </section>
    493. 

  493. </foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="29" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="30" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="30" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    494. 

  494. <h1>Shell syntax rules</h1>
    495. 

  495. <p>Shells use three <strong>&quot;standard I/O streams&quot;</strong></p>
    496. 

  496. <ul>
    497. 

  497. <li><code>stdin</code> is the standard input stream, which provides input to commands.</li>
    498. 

  498. <li><code>stdout</code> is the standard output stream, which displays output from commands.</li>
    499. 

  499. <li><code>stderr</code> is the standard error stream, which displays error output from commands.</li>
    500. 

  500. </ul>
    501. 

  501. <p>Shell has several <strong>meta-characters</strong> and <strong>control operators</strong></p>
    502. 

  502. <blockquote>
    503. 

  503. <p><code>|</code>, <code>&amp;</code>, <code>&gt;</code>, <code>;</code> , etc.</p>
    504. 

  504. </blockquote>
    505. 

  505. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    506. 

  506. </section>
    507. 

  507. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="31" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="31" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    508. 

  508. <h1>Environment</h1>
    509. 

  509. <p>In a bash shell many things constitute your environment</p>
    510. 

  510. <ul>
    511. 

  511. <li>the form of your prompt</li>
    512. 

  512. <li>your home directory and your working directory</li>
    513. 

  513. <li>the name of your shell</li>
    514. 

  514. <li>functions that you have defined</li>
    515. 

  515. <li>etc.</li>
    516. 

  516. </ul>
    517. 

  517. <p>Environment includes many variables that may have been set <strong>by bash</strong> or <strong>by you</strong></p>
    518. 

  518. <blockquote>
    519. 

  519. <p>Access the value of a variable by prefixing its name with <code>$</code></p>
    520. 

  520. </blockquote>
    521. 

  521. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    522. 

  522. </section>
    523. 

  523. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="32" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="32" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    524. 

  524. <h1>Environment variables</h1>
    525. 

  525. <ul>
    526. 

  526. <li><code>USER</code> : 	the name of the logged-in user</li>
    527. 

  527. <li><code>UID</code> 	: the numeric user id of the logged-in user</li>
    528. 

  528. <li><code>HOME</code> : 	the user's home directory (similar to <code>~</code> )</li>
    529. 

  529. <li><code>PWD</code> 	: the current working directory</li>
    530. 

  530. <li><code>SHELL</code> :  the name of the shell</li>
    531. 

  531. </ul>
    532. 

  532. <p>Set a shell variable : typing a name followed immediately by an equal sign ( <code>=</code> )</p>
    533. 

  533. <blockquote>
    534. 

  534. <p>if the variable exists, you will modify it to assign the new value</p>
    535. 

  535. </blockquote>
    536. 

  536. <p>You can use special files to control bash variables : <code>$HOME/.bashrc</code></p>
    537. 

  537. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    538. 

  538. </section>
    539. 

  539. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="33" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="33" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    540. 

  540. <h1>Remote Linux Access</h1>
    541. 

  541. <p><code>SSH</code> (or <strong>S</strong>ecure <strong>SH</strong>ell) is a <strong>protocol</strong> used to securely log onto remote systems</p>
    542. 

  542. <blockquote>
    543. 

  543. <p>the most common way to access remote Linux and Unix-like servers</p>
    544. 

  544. </blockquote>
    545. 

  545. <p><code>VNC</code> (or <strong>V</strong>irtual <strong>N</strong>etwork <strong>C</strong>omputing) is a <strong>software</strong> that allows a personal computer's desktop environment to be run</p>
    546. 

  546. <p>Aside from bandwidth, latency and security issues (which can vary a bit), the big differences are the functionality</p>
    547. 

  547. <ul>
    548. 

  548. <li>VNC exports a whole session, desktop and all (GUI)</li>
    549. 

  549. <li>SSH runs a single program (CLUI) and show its windows on your machine</li>
    550. 

  550. </ul>
    551. 

  551. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    552. 

  552. </section>
    553. 

  553. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="34" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="34" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    554. 

  554. <h1>Remote Linux using SSH</h1>
    555. 

  555. <p>You need:</p>
    556. 

  556. <ul>
    557. 

  557. <li>an access to the distant machine : login/password
    558. 

  558. <blockquote>
    559. 

  559. <p>or a login with SSH keys (with passphrase)</p>
    560. 

  560. </blockquote>
    561. 

  561. </li>
    562. 

  562. <li>the hostname or the IP address of the distant machine</li>
    563. 

  563. <li>and (of course) a UNIX terminal</li>
    564. 

  564. </ul>
    565. 

  565. <pre><code class="language-bash"><svg data-marp-fitting="svg" data-marp-fitting-code><foreignObject><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content><span data-marp-fitting-svg-content-wrap>ssh -X pbarriat@coriolis.elic.ucl.ac.be
    566. 

  566. 

  567. ssh -X -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.ceci pbarriat@gwcism.cism.ucl.ac.be
    568. 

  568. </span></span></foreignObject></svg></code></pre>
    569. 

  569. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    570. 

  570. </section>
    571. 

  571. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="35" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="35" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    572. 

  572. <h1>Remote Linux from Windows</h1>
    573. 

  573. <p>Using a SSH client to reach a distant Linux Workstation</p>
    574. 

  574. <p><strong>mobaXTerm</strong> is free and easy to use</p>
    575. 

  575. <blockquote>
    576. 

  576. <p>allow you to test a Linux environmment but in CLUI only</p>
    577. 

  577. </blockquote>
    578. 

  578. <p>Get a SSH client<br />
    579. 

  579. <a href="https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/download-home-edition.html">https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/download-home-edition.html</a></p>
    580. 

  580. <p>How to use a SSH client<br />
    581. 

  581. <a href="https://support.ceci-hpc.be/doc/_contents/QuickStart/ConnectingToTheClusters/MobaXTerm.html">https://support.ceci-hpc.be/doc/_contents/QuickStart/ConnectingToTheClusters/MobaXTerm.html</a></p>
    582. 

  582. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    583. 

  583. </section>
    584. 

  584. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="36" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="36" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    585. 

  585. <h1>Linux text editors</h1>
    586. 

  586. <h3>GUI</h3>
    587. 

  587. <ul>
    588. 

  588. <li>nedit (simple text editor available in most distributions)</li>
    589. 

  589. <li>Kate, Gedit (KDE, Gnome)</li>
    590. 

  590. </ul>
    591. 

  591. <h3>CLUI</h3>
    592. 

  592. <ul>
    593. 

  593. <li>vi (available in all Unix systems) and <strong>vim</strong> (vi improved)
    594. 

  594. <blockquote>
    595. 

  595. <p>Difficult to learn for beginners used to graphical text editors<br />
    596. 

  596. Very productive for power users<br />
    597. 

  597. <a href="assets/vim-cheatsheet.pdf">Vim Cheatsheet</a></p>
    598. 

  598. </blockquote>
    599. 

  599. </li>
    600. 

  600. <li>nano (friendly and easier to learn)</li>
    601. 

  601. </ul>
    602. 

  602. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    603. 

  603. </section>
    604. 

  604. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="37" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="37" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    605. 

  605. <h1>Scripting</h1>
    606. 

  606. <p>How to do a backup ?</p>
    607. 

  607. <ul>
    608. 

  608. <li>with Dropbox or Google Drive ?</li>
    609. 

  609. <li>with a private cloud such as Nextcloud ?</li>
    610. 

  610. <li>with an other drive and/or an external drive ?</li>
    611. 

  611. </ul>
    612. 

  612. <p>Backup on external drive ?</p>
    613. 

  613. <ul>
    614. 

  614. <li>manually ?</li>
    615. 

  615. <li>with Windows tools ?</li>
    616. 

  616. <li>with external softwares ?</li>
    617. 

  617. </ul>
    618. 

  618. <p><strong>Why don't do that with a simple linux script ?</strong></p>
    619. 

  619. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    620. 

  620. </section>
    621. 

  621. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="38" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="38" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    622. 

  622. <p><img src="assets/scripting.png" alt="" style="height:600px;" /></p>
    623. 

  623. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    624. 

  624. </section>
    625. 

  625. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="39" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="39" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    626. 

  626. <h1>Conclusions</h1>
    627. 

  627. <table>
    628. 

  628. <thead>
    629. 

  629. <tr>
    630. 

  630. <th>Advantages of Linux</th>
    631. 

  631. <th>Disadvantages of Linux</th>
    632. 

  632. </tr>
    633. 

  633. </thead>
    634. 

  634. <tbody>
    635. 

  635. <tr>
    636. 

  636. <td>Cost</td>
    637. 

  637. <td>Not easy to master ( <strong>CLUI only</strong> )</td>
    638. 

  638. </tr>
    639. 

  639. <tr>
    640. 

  640. <td>Security and robustness</td>
    641. 

  641. <td>Hardware compatibility issues ( sometimes )</td>
    642. 

  642. </tr>
    643. 

  643. <tr>
    644. 

  644. <td>Freedom</td>
    645. 

  645. <td>Not compatible with some Windows software</td>
    646. 

  646. </tr>
    647. 

  647. <tr>
    648. 

  648. <td>Software</td>
    649. 

  649. <td></td>
    650. 

  650. </tr>
    651. 

  651. <tr>
    652. 

  652. <td>Development</td>
    653. 

  653. <td></td>
    654. 

  654. </tr>
    655. 

  655. </tbody>
    656. 

  656. </table>
    657. 

  657. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    658. 

  658. </section>
    659. 

  659. </foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="40" data-background-image="url('assets/back.png')" data-footer="13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat" data-paginate="true" data-theme="ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd" data-marpit-pagination="40" data-marpit-pagination-total="40" style="--background-image:url('assets/back.png');--footer:13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat;--paginate:true;--theme:ewqekbpiylil3tizg9ajhpziej4f3znhuwjx14j3xd;background-image:url('assets/back.png');background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;">
    660. 

  660. <h3>Need to know more about available Linux applications ?</h3>
    661. 

  661. <p><a href="https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/best-linux-software/">Check out the list of the best Linux software</a></p>
    662. 

  662. <h3>Need help with bash scripting ?</h3>
    663. 

  663. <ul>
    664. 

  664. <li><a href="https://linuxconfig.org/bash-scripting-tutorial-for-beginners">Bash Scripting Tutorial for Beginners</a></li>
    665. 

  665. <li><a href="assets/Linux_CLI_Cheat_Sheet.pdf">My favorite CLUI cheatsheet</a></li>
    666. 

  666. <li><a href="https://devhints.io/bash">Bash scripting cheatsheet</a></li>
    667. 

  667. </ul>
    668. 

  668. <h3>Need help with Ubuntu ?</h3>
    669. 

  669. <p>The massive community is one of Ubuntu's biggest strengths</p>
    670. 

  670. <blockquote>
    671. 

  671. <p>Visit <a href="https://askubuntu.com/">https://askubuntu.com/</a> or <a href="https://answers.launchpad.net/">https://answers.launchpad.net/</a></p>
    672. 

  672. </blockquote>
    673. 

  673. <footer>13/04/2023 | An introduction to Linux | PY Barriat</footer>
    674. 

  674. </section>
    675. 

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