ecearth3/sources/tm5mp/proj/cb05/mo_aero.F90

#include "tm5.inc"

MODULE mo_aero

  ! *mo_aero* contains phyiscal switches and parameters 
  !           for the ECHAM/HAM aerosol model.
  !
  ! Author:
  ! -------
  ! Philip Stier, MPI-MET                    12/2002
  !

!!$  USE mo_linked_list,   ONLY: NETCDF, GRIB
  USE mo_aero_m7,       ONLY: nmod
!!$  USE mo_control,       ONLY: lcolumn

  IMPLICIT NONE

  !--- 0) Submodel ID:

  INTEGER :: id_ham

  !--- 1) Switches:

  !--- 1.1) Physical:

  !--- Define control variables and pre-set with default values: 

  LOGICAL :: lm7         = .TRUE.      ! Aerosol dynamics and thermodynamics scheme M7


  INTEGER :: ncdnc       = 0,       &  ! CDNC activation scheme:
                                       !
                                       !    ncdnc = 0  OFF => standard ECHAM5
                                       !
                                       !          = 1  Lohmann et al. (1999) + Lin and Leaitch (1997)
                                       !          = 2  Lohmann et al. (1999) + Abdul-Razzak and Ghan (2000)
                                       !          = 3  Lohmann et al. (1999) + ( Nenes et al. (2003) ) 
                                       !
             nicnc       = 0,       &  ! ICNC scheme:
                                       !
                                       !    ncdnc = 0  OFF
                                       !          = 1  Kaercher and Lohmann (2002)
                                       !
             nauto       = 1,       &  ! Autoconversion scheme:
                                       !
                                       !    nauto = 1  Beheng (1994) - ECHAM5 Standard
                                       !          = 2  Khairoutdinov and Kogan (2000)
                                       !
             ndust       = 2,       &  ! Dust emission scheme:
                                       ! 
                                       !    ndust = 1  Balkanski et al. (2002)
                                       !          = 2  Tegen et al. (2002)
                                       !
             nseasalt    = 2,       &  ! Sea Salt emission scheme:
                                       ! 
                                       !    nseasalt = 1  Monahan (1986)
                                       !             = 2  Schulz et al. (2002)
                                       !
             npist       = 3,       &  ! DMS emission scheme:
                                       !
                                       !    npist = 1 Liss & Merlivat (1986) 
                                       !          = 2 Wanninkhof (1992)
                                       !          = 3 Nightingale (2000)
                                       !
             nemiss      = 1,       &  ! Emission inventory
                                       !    
                                       !    nemiss =1 old version
                                       !    nemiss =2 AEROCOM emissions 2000
                                       !
             nsoa        = 2           ! SOA formation scheme:
                                       !
                                       !    nsoa = 0 POM mass emission into both Aitken modes (standard TM5)
                                       !           1 POM mass emission + distribution according to volatility assumptions to 5 modes
                                       !           2 atmospheric formation from precursors + distribution according to volatility assumptions to 5 modes

  LOGICAL :: lodiag      = .FALSE.     ! Extended diagnostics

  LOGICAL :: laero_rad   = .FALSE.     ! Radiation calculation

  LOGICAL :: lorad(nmod) = .FALSE.     !    switch for each mode

  LOGICAL :: lodiagrad   = .FALSE.     ! Extended radiation diagnostics

  INTEGER :: nwv         = 0           !    nwv: number of additional wavelengths
                                       !         for the radiation calculations
                                       !         (max currently set to 10)

  REAL    :: cwv(10)     = 0.          !    cwv: array of additional wavelengths
                                       !         for the radiation calculations [m]

  LOGICAL :: lomassfix   = .TRUE.      ! Mass fixer in convective scheme

  !--- 1.2) Technical:

!!$  INTEGER :: NFILETYPE   = GRIB        ! Output stream filetypes


  !--- 2) Parameters:

  !-- 2.1) Number of aerosol compounds: (needs to be harmonized with nmode in mo_aero_m7)

  INTEGER, PARAMETER :: ntype=6

  !--- 2.2) Mode names:

  CHARACTER(LEN=2), PARAMETER :: cmode(nmod)=(/'NS','KS','AS','CS','KI','AI','CI'/)

  !--- 2.3) Compound names:

  CHARACTER(LEN=3), PARAMETER :: ctype(ntype)=(/'SO4','BC ','OC ','SS ','DU ','WAT'/)

  !--- 2.4) Index field of tracer indices for the aerosol numbers in each mode:

  INTEGER :: nindex(nmod)

  !--- 2.5) Emissions:

  !--- Carbon Emissions

  REAL, PARAMETER         :: zbb_wsoc_perc  = 0.65,      & ! Biom. Burn. Percentage of Water Soluble OC (WSOC) [1]
                                                           ! (M.O. Andreae; Talk: Smoke and Climate)
                             zbge_wsoc_perc = 0.65,      & ! Assume same Percentage of WSOC for biogenic OC
                             !>>> TvN
                             ! The value of 1.4 for the POM to OC mass ratio is an outdated estimate.
                             ! In the current code we can apply different ratios
                             ! for emissions from different sources.
                             ! For further details, see comment in emission_data.F90.     
                             ! The use of a single constant value, on the other hand,
                             ! would have the advantage that the simulated POM concentrations
                             ! can easily be converted to OC.
                             ! An average value of 1.8 seems reasonable.
                             ! Assuming that there are no substantial contributions from
                             ! elements other than H and O, a value of 1.8 can be obtained
                             ! with an H:C atomic ratio of 1.6 and and O:C ratio of 0.5,
                             ! which are well within the range of oxidation states 
                             ! presented by Heald et al. (GRL, 2010).
                             ! According to the model of Kuwata et al. (Environ. Sci. Technol., 2012),
                             ! the resulting particle density would be close to the value 
                             ! assumed in the model (doc = 1.3 g/cm3 in mo_aero_m7.F90).
                             !zom2oc         = 1.4,       & ! Mass ratio organic species to organic carbon
                                                           ! (Seinfeld and Pandis, 1998, p709;
                                                           !  Ferek et al., JGR, 1998) 
                             !
                             ! The emission radii for carbonaceous aerosols of the original code below
                             ! correspond to the values recommended by AeroCom (Dentener et al., ACP, 2006),
                             ! but adapted to sigma = 1.59 as used in M7 (Stier et al., ACP, 2005).
                             cmr_ff         = 0.03E-6,   & ! Fossil fuel emissions:
                                                           ! assumed number median radius of the emitted
                                                           ! particles with the standard deviation given
                                                           ! in mo_aero_m7 [m]. Has to lie within the 
                                                           ! Aitken mode for the current setup!
                             cmr_bb         = 0.075E-6,  & ! Biomass burning emissions:
                                                           ! Assumed number median radius of the emitted
                                                           ! particles with the standard deviation given
                                                           ! in mo_aero_m7 [m]. Has to lie within the 
                                                           ! Accumulation mode for the current setup!
                             cmr_bg         = 0.03E-6,    &! Biogenic secondary particle formation:
                                                           ! Assumed number median radius of the emitted
                                                           ! particles with the standard deviation given
                                                           ! in mo_aero_m7 [m]. Has to lie within the 
                                                           ! Aitken mode for the current setup!
                             cmr_sk         = 0.03E-6,    &! SO4 primary emission  ---> aitken mode
                                                           ! Assumed number median radius of the emitted
                                                           ! particles with the standard deviation given
                                                           ! in mo_aero_m7 [m]. Has to lie within the 
                                                           ! Aitken mode for the current setup!
                             cmr_sa         = 0.075E-6,   &! SO4 primary emission  ---> accumulation mode
                                                           ! Assumed number median radius of the emitted
                                                           ! particles with the standard deviation given
                                                           ! in mo_aero_m7 [m]. Has to lie within the 
                                                           ! Accumulation mode for the current setup!
                             cmr_sc         = 0.75E-6,    &! SO4 primary emission  ---> coarse mode
                                                           ! Assumed number median radius of the emitted
                                                           ! particles with the standard deviation given
                                                           ! in mo_aero_m7 [m]. Has to lie within the 
                                                           ! Coarse mode for the current setup!
                             facso2         = 0.975,      &! factor to scale primary SO4 emissions 
                                                           ! AEROCOM assumption 2.5 % of the SO2 emissions 
                                                           ! in the from of SO4
                             so2ts          = 1./1.998     ! conversion factor SO2 to S

    REAL, PUBLIC          :: zm2n_bcki_ff, zm2n_bcki_bb, &
                             zm2n_bcks_bb, zm2n_ocki_ff, &
                             zm2n_ocki_bb, zm2n_ocki_bg, &
                             zm2n_ocks_bb, zm2n_ocks_bg, &
                             zm2n_s4ks_sk, zm2n_s4as_sa, &
                             zm2n_s4cs_sc


!!$CONTAINS 
!!$    
!!$
!!$  SUBROUTINE aero_initialize
!!$
!!$    ! Purpose:
!!$    ! ---------
!!$    ! Initializes constants and parameters 
!!$    ! used in the HAM aerosol model.
!!$    ! Performs consistency checks.
!!$    !
!!$    ! Author:
!!$    ! ---------
!!$    ! Philip Stier, MPI                           03/2003
!!$    !
!!$    ! Interface:
!!$    ! ---------
!!$    ! *aero_initialize*  is called from *call_init_submodels* in *call_submodels*
!!$    !                    needs to be called after initialization of the 
!!$    !                    submodel as it makes use of parameters in mo_aero_m7
!!$    !
!!$
!!$    USE mo_tracer,      ONLY: flag, ntrac, trlist, AEROSOLNUMBER
!!$    USE mo_constants,   ONLY: api
!!$    USE mo_radiation,   ONLY: iaero
!!$    USE mo_mpi,         ONLY: p_parallel_io
!!$    USE mo_doctor,      ONLY: nout
!!$    USE mo_exception,   ONLY: finish
!!$    USE mo_aero_m7,     ONLY: cmr2ram
!!$    USE mo_aero_trac,   ONLY: idt_mbcki,    idt_mbcks,           &
!!$                              idt_mocki,    idt_mocks,           &
!!$                              idt_ms4ks,    idt_ms4as,           &
!!$                              idt_ms4cs
!!$    USE mo_aero_m7,     ONLY: iaiti,        iaits,    iaccs,  icoas
!!$
!!$    IMPLICIT NONE
!!$
!!$    INTEGER :: jwv, jmod, jt
!!$
!!$    !--- 1) Consistency checks:
!!$
!!$    !--- 1.1) Radiation:
!!$
!!$    IF (nwv > 10 ) &
!!$       CALL finish('aero_initialize','maximal number of additional wavelengths exceeded')
!!$
!!$    IF      (iaero==4 .AND. ANY(lorad(:))) THEN
!!$       laero_rad=.TRUE.
!!$    ELSE IF (iaero/=4 .AND. ANY(lorad(:))) THEN
!!$       CALL finish('aero_initialize','inconsistent setting of iaero in radctl')
!!$    ELSE IF (iaero==4 .AND. .NOT.ANY(lorad(:))) THEN
!!$       CALL finish('aero_initialize','inconsistent setting of iaero and lorad')
!!$    END IF
!!$
!!$    !--- 1.2) Output type:
!!$
!!$    IF(nfiletype/=GRIB .AND. nfiletype/=NETCDF) THEN
!!$       CALL finish('aero_initialize','selected output filetype not supported')
!!$    END IF
!!$
!!$    !--- 2) Consistency checks and display of information:
!!$
!!$    IF (p_parallel_io) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) ''
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) ''
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '----------------------------------------------------------'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '----------------------------------------------------------'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '--- Initialization of the ECHAM/HAM aerosol model      ---'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    Default values of aeroctl modified by setaero:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    New settings: lm7       = ', lm7
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  ncdnc     = ', ncdnc
!!$       IF (ncdnc==0) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => no aerosol-CDNC coupling'
!!$       ELSE IF (ncdnc==1)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Lohmann et al. (1999) +'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Lin and Leaitch (1997)'
!!$       ELSE IF (ncdnc==2)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Lohmann et al. (1999) +'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Abdul-Razzak and Ghan (2000)'
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  nicnc     = ', nicnc
!!$       IF (nicnc==0) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => no aerosol-ICNC coupling'
!!$       ELSE IF (ncdnc>0  .AND. nicnc==1)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Kaercher and Lohmann (2002)'
!!$       ELSE IF (ncdnc==0 .AND. nicnc>0)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => ICNC scheme requires CDNC scheme!'
!!$       CALL finish('aero_initialize','inconsistent combination of ncdnc and nicnc')
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  nauto     = ', nauto
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Autoconversion scheme:'
!!$       IF (nauto==1) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Beheng (1994) - ECHAM5 Standard'
!!$       ELSE IF (nauto==2 .AND. ncdnc>0)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Khairoutdinov and Kogan (2000)'
!!$       ELSE IF (nauto==2 .AND. ncdnc==0)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Khairoutdinov and Kogan (2000)'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               scheme requires CDNC scheme!'
!!$       CALL finish('aero_initialize','inconsistent combination of nauto and ncdnc')
!!$       ELSE
!!$       CALL finish('aero_initialize','invalid setting for nauto')
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  ndust     = ', ndust
!!$       IF (ndust==1) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Balkanski et al. (2002)'
!!$       ELSE IF (ndust==2)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Tegen et al. (2002)'
!!$       IF (lcolumn) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               WARNING:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               This dust emission scheme '
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               does not work in SCM mode!'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Dust emissions deactivated!'
!!$       ndust=0
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---               => ndust     = ', ndust
!!$       END IF !lcolumn
!!$       ELSE IF (ndust==0) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => DUST EMISSIONS DEACTIVATED!'
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  nseasalt  = ', nseasalt
!!$       IF (nseasalt==1) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Monahan (1986)'
!!$       ELSE IF (nseasalt==2)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Schulz et al. (2002)'
!!$       ELSE IF (nseasalt==0) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => SEASALT EMISSIONS DEACTIVATED!'
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  npist     = ', npist
!!$       IF (npist==1) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Air-sea exchange:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Liss & Merlivat (1986)'
!!$       ELSE IF (npist==2)  THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Air-sea exchange:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Wanninkhof (1992)'
!!$       ELSE IF (npist==3) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Air-sea exchange:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                               Nightingale (2000)'
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  nemiss    = ', nemiss
!!$       IF (nemiss==1) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => 1985 emission data'
!!$       ELSE IF (nemiss==2) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => AEROCOM emissions 2000'
!!$       END IF
!!$       IF (lodiag) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  lodiag    = ', lodiag
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Aerosol diagnostics activated'
!!$       ELSE
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  lodiag    = ', lodiag
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Aerosol diagnostics deactivated'
!!$       END IF
!!$       IF (laero_rad) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  lorad     = ', lorad
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Radiation calculation for:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       DO jmod=1, nmod
!!$       IF (lorad(jmod)) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                                Mode ', jmod
!!$       END IF
!!$       END DO
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       IF (nwv>0) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  nwv       = ', nwv
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Additional wavelengs requested:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       DO jwv=1, nwv
!!$       WRITE(nout,fmt="(A,E8.2,A)") '---                                ',cwv(jwv), ' [m]'
!!$       END DO
!!$       END IF
!!$       ELSE
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    Radiation calculations deactivated!'
!!$       END IF
!!$       IF (lodiagrad) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                  lodiagrad = ', lodiagrad
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---                            => Extended radiation diagnostics!'
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       IF(lomassfix) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    Mass fixer in convection activated!' 
!!$       ELSE
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    Mass fixer in convection deactivated!' 
!!$       END IF
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       IF(nfiletype==GRIB) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    Output filetype set to GRIB'
!!$       ELSE IF(nfiletype==NETCDF) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    Output filetype set to NetCDF'
!!$       END IF
!!$    END IF
!!$  
!!$    !--- 2) Initialize constants and parameters:
!!$
!!$    !--- 2.1) Emissions
!!$    !         Calculate factors to convert mass flux in number flux for
!!$    !         given number median radii (cmr) and standard deviation 
!!$    !         (implicitly by the conversion factor cmr2ram) of the modes
!!$    !
!!$    !    N = M/m = M/(4/3 * pi * dens * R(averageMass)**3)
!!$    !            = M * (3/(4*pi*dens*R(averageMass)))
!!$    !            !
!!$    !            = M * zm2n_xx
!!$
!!$    zm2n_bcki_ff=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mbcki)*(cmr_ff*cmr2ram(iaiti))**3.)
!!$    zm2n_bcki_bb=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mbcki)*(cmr_bb*cmr2ram(iaiti))**3.)
!!$
!!$    zm2n_bcks_bb=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mbcks)*(cmr_bb*cmr2ram(iaits))**3.)
!!$
!!$    zm2n_ocki_ff=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mocki)*(cmr_ff*cmr2ram(iaiti))**3.)
!!$    zm2n_ocki_bb=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mocki)*(cmr_bb*cmr2ram(iaiti))**3.)
!!$    zm2n_ocki_bg=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mocki)*(cmr_bg*cmr2ram(iaiti))**3.)
!!$
!!$    zm2n_ocks_bb=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mocks)*(cmr_bb*cmr2ram(iaits))**3.)
!!$    zm2n_ocks_bg=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_mocks)*(cmr_bg*cmr2ram(iaits))**3.)
!!$    
!!$    !??????????????
!!$    zm2n_s4ks_sk=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_ms4ks)*(cmr_sk*cmr2ram(iaits))**3.)
!!$    zm2n_s4as_sa=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_ms4as)*(cmr_sa*cmr2ram(iaccs))**3.)
!!$    zm2n_s4cs_sc=3./(4.*api*flag('density',idt_ms4cs)*(cmr_sc*cmr2ram(icoas))**3.)
!!$    !????????????
!!$
!!$    !--- 3) Set up index matrices for access of tracer by compound and mode:
!!$
!!$    IF (p_parallel_io) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---    Mapping of ECHAM tracers HAM mode-indices:'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$    END IF
!!$
!!$    DO jmod=1, nmod
!!$       DO jt=1, ntrac
!!$          IF(trlist%ti(jt)%nphase==AEROSOLNUMBER .AND. trlist%ti(jt)%mode==jmod) THEN
!!$             nindex(jmod)=jt
!!$             IF (p_parallel_io) THEN
!!$                WRITE(nout,*) '---             ', TRIM(trlist%ti(jt)%fullname),': ', jmod
!!$             END IF
!!$             CYCLE
!!$          END IF
!!$       END DO
!!$    END DO
!!$
!!$    !--- 4) Finish:
!!$
!!$    IF (p_parallel_io) THEN
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '---'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '--- Parameters for ECHAM5-HAM initialized              ---'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '----------------------------------------------------------'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) '----------------------------------------------------------'
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) ''
!!$       WRITE(nout,*) ''
!!$    END IF
!!$  END SUBROUTINE aero_initialize
!!$
!!$
!!$  SUBROUTINE setaero
!!$
!!$    ! *setaero* modifies pre-set switches of the aeroctl
!!$    !           namelist for the configuration of the 
!!$    !           ECHAM/HAM aerosol model
!!$    ! 
!!$    ! Authors:
!!$    ! --------
!!$    ! Philip Stier, MPI-MET                        12/2002
!!$    !
!!$    ! *setaero* is called from *call_init_submodels* in *call_submodels*
!!$    !
!!$
!!$    USE mo_mpi,         ONLY: p_parallel, p_parallel_io, p_bcast, p_io
!!$    USE mo_namelist,    ONLY: position_nml, nnml, POSITIONED
!!$
!!$    IMPLICIT NONE
!!$
!!$    INCLUDE 'aeroctl.inc'
!!$
!!$    !--- Local variables:
!!$
!!$    INTEGER :: ierr
!!$
!!$    !--- 1) Read namelist:
!!$
!!$    IF (p_parallel_io) THEN
!!$       CALL position_nml ('AEROCTL', status=ierr)
!!$       SELECT CASE (ierr)
!!$       CASE (POSITIONED)
!!$          READ (nnml, aeroctl)
!!$       END SELECT
!!$    ENDIF
!!$
!!$    !--- 2) Broadcast over processors:
!!$
!!$    IF (p_parallel) THEN
!!$       CALL p_bcast (lm7,       p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (ncdnc,     p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (nicnc,     p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (nauto,     p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (ndust,     p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (nseasalt,  p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (npist,     p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (nemiss,    p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (lodiag,    p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (nfiletype, p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (lorad,     p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (lodiagrad, p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (nwv,       p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (cwv,       p_io)
!!$       CALL p_bcast (lomassfix, p_io)
!!$    END IF
!!$
!!$  END SUBROUTINE setaero

END MODULE mo_aero